Apparatus for inducing respiration.



W. HARRISON APPARATUS FOR INDUQING RESPIRATION. APPLICATION mm APR. 30. m5.

I l] TTO/i/IIEY Patented D912. 4k, 1917;2-

W. HARRISON.

APPARATUS FOR' INDUCING RESPIRATION.

APPLICATION FILED APILIIO. 195.

7 l 9 1 A a 9 D m m ow P 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- IVEIVTOH Wm Ml a wrrwis an.

WITNESSES:

Y W. HARRISON.

APPARATUS FOR RNDUCING VRESPIRATION, APPLICATION HLED APR. 30. l9l5.

Patemwd W3 &, 119W.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- Wowmw WILLIAM RABBI-SUN, DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

AFPARATUS FOR INDUCING RESPIRATION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 4f, 191% Application filed Apri130, 1915. Serial No. 24,901.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, WILLIAM HARRISON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Inducing Respiration; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact de scription ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertain to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for inducing respiration, and consists in the novel construction and arrangement of parts as hereinafter more fully set forth and claimed.

The principal object of the present invention is the provision of simple, safe and efficient means for inducing a respiratory action in the breathing organ of a patient in a state of apparent death, caused by the temporary suspension of the natural functions of the lungs resulting from shock or other injury, in such manner as to effect an assimilation of the natural inspirations and expirations of the lungs so as to aerate the blood, to stimulate circulation and overcome if possible the effects of the shock or injury and restore to the respiratory organs their natural functions.

In attaining the above object the invention contemplates the employment of a novel construction which embraces two resilient pneumatic pumping units adapted for manual operation and connected to act correlatively in alternately inflating and deflating the lungs. One of said unlts serves to withdraw gaseous fluid from the lungs and discharge it into the atmosphere, and the other to force fresh air, oxygen, ozone or other suitable mixture of gases into the lungs, in which operation. the pressure gen erated by the pump units is so yieldably moved and controlled in its application to the lungs as to cushion the force exerted therein and obviate the liability of injury to the membrane and tissue of the organ, which otherwise might occur, for instance, as a result of the contractive action of the muscles being abruptly resisted by the sudden application of direct pressure of un yielding and undue force. The alternate action of exhaust and recharge induced by the reciprocatory movement of the pump units is automatically maintained by dual check valves in each unit so arranged as to control an inlet and an outlet connectedin common and communicating with the point of use, an independent outlet or exhaust in one and an independent inlet in the other of said units adapted for connection with a source of supply, whereby through the movement of the element in circulation said valves are actuated to effect an alternate inhalation and an exhalation action at the point of use.

In carrying out the present invention, 1 have shown in the accompanying drawings the preferred form of embodiment of the novel features therein, in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the device constructed in accordance with my invention, with the parts in their natural position.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device shown in Fig. 1, and indicating by dotted lines the arrangement of the intercommunicating passages for affording circulation for the element to be moved.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional elevation of the device taken on dotted line 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a central transverse vertical section taken on dotted line 44 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the dual valve plate.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the valve plate taken on dotted line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings corresponding parts of the device will be indicated by like reference characters throughout the several views.

The apparatus consists of a supporting frame for the operative parts, comprising a base plate 1 having a laterally projecting surrounding rib or flange 2, a top plate 3 provided with a similarly arranged flange 4, and an intermediate pressure plate 5 having formed integral therewith and extending crowningly from its upper surface two concavo-convex caps or domes 6 spaced apart intermediate the ends of said plate and forming concaved seats opening in the under face of said plate. These plates are substantially rectangular in general form and are spaced apart and secured in adjacent parallel relation by spacing sleeves or tubes 7 and 8 at their four corners. Said tubes abut at their outer ends against the base plate and top plate, respectively, and engage at their inner ends upon opposite sides of the intermediate plate. The parts are drawn together by means of tie bolts 9 countersunk at their heads in the top plate 3, and extending through said spacing tubes are received at their threaded ends by binding nuts 10 in the form of knobs which contact with the under face of the base plate and serv as supporting feet for the corners of the frame.

A compressor plate 11 is interposed between the base plate and pressure plate and is mounted to move vertically therein upon guide rods 12. These rods are anchored at their upper ends in opposite ends of the I intermediate plate and extend at their lower ends through the ends of the base plate 1, to which they are secured by binding nuts 13, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. The ends of the compressor plate 11 are provided with two-part bearing boxes lt which freely receive the rods 12 and serve to guide and steady the said plate in its vertical movement thereon.

The upper face of the compressor plate 11 is provided with upwardly extending, integrally formed, concavo -convex plunger heads 15 which are disposed thereon in vertical registering alinement with the concavities in the dome 6 of the pressure plate 5, and are sufficiently reduced in size to freely enter said concavities. interposed between each of said plunger heads and its registering concavity in the pressure plate 5 is a hollow globular receptacle 16 formed of re silient material to provide a flexible compressible surrounding wall inelosing a pumping chamber 17 in which an alternate action of suction and compression is induced for circulating the motive medium by the contraction and expansion of a portion of the wall of the receptacle. The upper half of each of these receptacles is seated in peripheral contact within the concavity of a corresponding dome 6 of the pressure plate, by which that portion of its wall is reinforced against outward flexure, and each of said domes is secured at its vertex in a conforming concavity formed in a valve case 18 depending in the form of a boss from the top plate 3 by means of a tubular stud or nipple 19, one end of which is flanged over and engaged with the inner face of the wall of said receptacle, and the body portion extending therethrough and through the wall of said dome enters said valve case and receives on its threaded end a binding nut 20 which is seated in a valve chamber 21 formed in said case. By this means the parts are firmly drawn together to confine the upper half of the receptacle within the dome so as to render it inflexible, and communication is established between the pump chamber 17 therein and the valve chamber 21 through a passage 22 in the nipple, which serves in common as the ingress and egress port to and from said chambers.

The unsupported or exposed portion of the wall of each receptacle is operatively connected at its vertical axis in peripheral contact with the vertex of a plunger head 15 by means of a threaded stud 23, the head of which embraces the inner face of the wall of said receptacle, and the body portion, extending therethrough and through said plunger head, receives a binding nut 2 by which the parts are firmly drawn together to form a tight closure and prevent. leakage from the chamber 17 and a working connection is provided to effect the flexure and reflexure of the wall of the receptacle with the vertical reciprocal movement of the compressor plate and plunger heads.

Movement is imparted to the compressor plate by means of a toothed rack-bar 25 anchored at its lower end in a boss 26 disposed centrally on said plate, and extending vertically therefrom passes through guide ways 27 and 28, formed respectively in the pressure plate 5 and the top plate 3 of the frame, by which it is guided in its vertical. movement. Meshing with the teeth of said rack bar is a toothed sector wheel 29 which is pivoted to swing vertically in the guide way 27 upon a screw threaded pivot stud 30 extending therethrough and through bearing ears 31 depending from the plate 5, in which said stud is secured by a binding nut 32. Said sector is provided with a lever arm 33 which normally lies within the guide way 28 of the top plate 3 and has a handle 34 on the end thereof by means of which said sector is swung to impart vertical movement to the rack bar, as indicated by the dotted position in Fig. 4.

The circulation of the motive element to and from the pump chamber of each of the receptacles controlled through a valve plate 35 seated in the valve chamber 21 and pro vidcd upon each side with a valve in the form of a hinged flap or closure 36 for controlling passage through a valve port 87 formed through said plate, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Said fiap or closure is preferably formed of flexible material riveted or otherwise suitably secured at one edge to the face of the valve plate so as to extend over said port, and which is adapted to be actuated automatically to open and close said port by the pressure of the motive medium exerted thereon. Said valves, of which there are two in each valve plate, are disposed in adjacent opposed relation in the valve Cl12t111- her so as to operate in a reverse manner in controlling communication therewith, the one opening inwardly and the other outwardly of said valve chamber. The valve plate is seated so as to divide the valve e ress? chamber horizontally, and the upper half of said chamber is closed by means of a circular flanged cap-plate 38 countersunk to form a tight closure in the upper face of the top plate and secured thereto at its flange by means of screws 39. The under face of said cap plate has a depending rib 40 which extends across the valve chamber and bears upon the face of the valve plate. between the valve ports therein, and which serves to hold said plate in its seat and to vertically divide the upper half of said valve chamber into separate induct and educt chambers 41 and 42 respectively, each controlled by a valve. The valve opening inwardly in the chamber 21 controls the intake to the pump chamber of the respective receptacle through a passage 43 formed in the body of the top plate 3, and which communicates with the chamber 41 and is adapted. to open to the atmosphere or for connection with a source of supply of any suitable mixture of air or gaseous substances for charging the pump chamber of the receptacle. The valve opening outwardly in the chamber 42 permits the discharge of the contents of the pump chamber through an outlet passage 44 of one pump and a similar passage 44 of the other formed in the body of the top plate 3. The outlet passage 44 of one of the pumps together with the inlet passage 43 of the companion pump are oined in angular relation by a flanged tubular connection 45 secured by screws 46 to a flange 47 formed on the plate 3, and this connection is provided with a nipple 48 communicating with said passages and to which one end of a flexible service tube 49 is attached to provide a delivery passage for the gases to and from the point of use. The delivery end of the tube 49 may be provided with either a suitable mouth or nasal piece 50 for insertion into the larynx or nasal passages of the patient to be treated. (See Figs. 3 and 4).

The pumping units being thus constructed are so associated in pairs and connected that the discharge passage of one of the units communicates with the intake passage of the companion unit in common through the service tube, whereby, through the simultaneous action of the pump chambers in discharging and recharging, an alternating inhalation and exhalation is effected through the service tube and mouth or nasal piece, as well as an alternating action of suction and exhaust through the intake passage of one unit and the outlet passage of the other.

The operation of the device willnow be understood to be as follows:

Assuming that the mouth or nasal piece connected with the service tube is properly applied to the patient to be treated, the hand lever of the toothed sector is swung to impart an upward movement to the rack bar to raise the pressure plate and carry the plunger heads upwardly with the engaged portion of the flexible globular receptacle in a manner to inwardly flex and invert the walls of the receptacles upon the upper faces of the plunger heads as said plungers enter the concavities in the caps of the supporting plate and thereby compress and displace the contents of said receptacles. The pressure generated in the chambers of the receptacles and exerted upon the valves in the valve chambers will close the inlet valve upon one side and open the outlet valve upon the other side of each of said chambers, and through the discharge passage communicating with the service tube the contents of one of the pump chambers will be delivered therethrough and through the mouth or nasal piece to the lungs of the patient. The contents of the companion chamber in its out ard passage will retain. closed the inlet valve communicating with the service tube to prevent passage into said tube, and will exhaust through the outlet valve and its discharge passage to the atmosphere. An upward movement of the hand lever will impart a downward movement to the pressure plate and plunger heads, carrying the inwardly turned portions of the walls of the receptacles therewith, and through the retleX action and distention. of said walls a suction action will be induced in the pump chambers which will effect the closure of the outlet valves and the opening of the inlet valves in a manner to cause the pump chamber discharging into the service tube to recharge through the inlet passage communicating with the source of gaseous supply, and the other of said chambers to recharge through the service tube commu'nieating with the lungs of the patient.

The automatic action of the valves correlatively with the reciprocating movement imparted simultaneously to the pump units through the oscillation of the hand lever operate to control and maintain the function of each pump unit separately, so that the one is caused to withdraw and discharge the deleterious gases from the lungs of the pa tient and the other to recharge the lungs with the vitalizing gases in alternating succession and in a manner to induce inspirations and aspirations in simulation of natural respiration.

By reason of the resilient nature of the pump units, the pressure generated thereby may be so yieldably controlled and regulated by the manipulation of the hand lever in its delivery to the lungs as to obviate the liability of injury to the tissues of the organ,

i an

tion, a supporting frame, a compressor plate movably mounted on said supporting frame, twin resilient charging and discharging pumps each comprising a flexible globular receptacle rigidly mounted upon one side in said frame and operatively connected at the opposite side with said compressor plate, a valve chamber in said supporting frame for each of said pumps having a passage in open communication therewith, a valve plate seated in each valve chamber and having a valve controlled inlet and a valve controlled outlet, the inlet of one chamber connected to communicate with the outlet of the other chamber, a closure for each chamber having a dividing wall engaging said valve plate between the inlet and the outlet thereof, a service tube attached to and communicating in common with said inlet and said outlet, and manually controlled means operatively connected with said compressor plate for imparting a reciprocating movement thereto in the direction of the diameter of said receptacle.

2. In an apparatus for inducing respiration, a supporting frame, a pressure plate mounted upon guide rods in said supporting frame and having concavities extending up- Copies of this patent may be obtained for Ward from the under face thereof, a compressor plate mounted to slide on said guide rods and having plunger heads extending from one face thereof, twin resilient charging and discharging pumps each comprising a flexible globular receptacle seated upon one side, each in a concavity of said pressure plate and operatively connected at the opposite side with a plunger head, a valve chamber in said supporting frame for each of said pumps having a passage in open communication therewith, a valve controlled inlet and a valve controlled outlet in each chamber, the inlet of one chamber connected to and communicating with the outlet of the other chamber, a service tube attached to and communicating in common with said inlet and said outlet, and means for imparting reciprocating movement to said compressor plate to cause said plunger heads to flex and reflex the engaged portions of said receptacles.

In testimony whereof, I sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM HARRISON. Vi tnesses B. F. THEELER, M. E. BROESAMLE.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patent, Washington, D. G. 

